Danielle Dawkins Essays (1054 words) - Thought, Terminology

Danielle Dawkins Essays (1054 words) - Thought, Terminology Danielle Dawkins Dr. Bentzen American Government 5/5/17 Political Culture Political culture can be defined as "historically-based, widely-shared beliefs, feelings and values about the nature of political systems, which can serve as a link between citizens and the government." Political culture is not to be confused with political ideology, which is a set of values and beliefs that an individual holds. Every country has its own political culture, which provides clues as to why certain governments are organized the way they are, or why some countries are allies with each other while others are not. As it stands, there are currently three theories of political culture: parochial political culture, subject political culture, and participant political culture. In a parochial political culture, citizens possess little to no interest in the government and are mostly uninformed other the entire political process. On the contrary, citizens in a participant political culture are, more or less, well-informed and actively engaged in the political process. America has a participant political culture with a wide array of values and beliefs. In a country that is fundamentally conservative, many American citizens believe and take pride in democracy, equality, and individualism. These values can be traced all the way back to the American revolution. Even so, America's political culture has changed generation by generation through means of political socialization, or a process by which people acquire various political values through family, religion, gender, race, and social class. One key aspect of political culture is political ideology, which is a coherent set of values and beliefs that people hold dear to themselves. The ideologies that people hold set the framework of their thought process while greatly influencing how they perceive the world. Isaiah Berlin, a historian and philosopher, stated that "ideological battles" is one factor that shaped human history in the 20th century. Berlin stated, "the other ideological battles - totalitarian tyrannies of both right and left and the explosions of nationalism, racism, and religious bigotry that the most perceptive social thinkers of the nineteenth century failed to predict." There are currently four functions that political scientists attribute to political ideologies in terms of ideas transforming into actions, and they are the following: explanation, evaluation, orientation, and political program. A lot of the time, social and political conditions are direct products of the political ideologies at hand. For example, totalitarian governments typically have poor social settings, as the government has every say over the lives of its citizens. Along with explanation, ideologies can also produce standards for social conditions and political institutions. Regarding America's standard, Americans tend to take pride in personal responsibility, which is why there so much stigma surrounding entitlement programs and whatnot. Ideologies provide orientation toward several different issues, and they also guide their political actions. In other words, identity politics are employed. There may be four functions attributed to political ideology, but there are also two ways of measuring it. To what extent do people use broad political categories to justify their own beliefs, and how consistent do their beliefs stay over time? Before one can answer these questions, they must have knowledge of American political ideologies, as they are not as simple as just being conservative or liberal. Ideologies are complex at best, and are far more than just labels. The Nolan chart, created by Libertarian party leader David Nolan, captures the political beliefs of citizens on two dimensions: economic and personal freedom. From left to right, Nolan outlined the five key political ideologies: left (liberal), moderate, right (conservative), libertarian (limited government) , and statist (big government). Conservatives tend to believe in limited government and always favor local and state government over the federal government, as they are always advocated for "States' rights". Also, conservatives believe that the private sector is more suited than the federal government in terms of addressing domestic problems like poverty and discrimination. Since the 1970's, social conservatism has been on a rise. While social conservatives tend to believe in limited government on the grounds of domestic problems or whatnot, they see no issue with the government infringing upon personal liberties, such as same-sex marriage, abortion, contraceptives. On the other side of the scale, liberals seek use for the government in terms of changing the

Facts and History About the Country of Cambodia

Facts and History About the Country of Cambodia The 20th century was disastrous for Cambodia. The country was occupied by Japan in World War II and became collateral damage in the Vietnam War, with secret bombings and cross-border incursions. In 1975, the Khmer Rouge regime seized power; they would murder approximately 1/5 of their own citizens in a mad frenzy of violence. Yet not all of Cambodian history is dark and blood-drenched. Between the 9th and 13th centuries, Cambodia was home to the Khmer Empire, which left behind incredible monuments such as Angkor Wat. Hopefully, the 21st century will be much kinder to the people of Cambodia than the last one was. Capital: Phnom Pehn, population 1,300,000 Cities: Battambang, population 1,025,000, Sihanoukville, population 235,000, Siem Reap, population 140,000, Kampong Cham, population 64,000 Cambodias Government Cambodia has a constitutional monarchy, with King Norodom Sihamoni as the current head of state. The Prime Minister is the head of government.  The current Prime Minister of Cambodia is Hun Sen, who was elected in 1998.  Legislative power is shared between the executive branch and the bicameral parliament, made up of the 123-member National Assembly of Cambodia and the 58-member Senate. Cambodia has a semi-functional multi-party representative democracy. Unfortunately, corruption is rampant and the government is non-transparent. Population Cambodias population is about 15,458,000 (2014 estimate).  The vast majority, 90%, are ethnic Khmer. Approximately 5% are Vietnamese, 1% Chinese, and the remaining 4% includes small populations of Chams (a Malay people), Jarai, Khmer Loeu, and Europeans. Due to the massacres of the Khmer Rouge era, Cambodia has a very young population. The median age is 21.7 years, and only 3.6% of the population is over the age of 65. (In comparison, 12.6% of US citizens are over 65.) Cambodias birth rate is 3.37 per woman; the infant mortality rate is 56.6 per 1,000 live births.  The literacy rate is 73.6%. Languages The official language of Cambodia is Khmer, which is part of the Mon-Khmer language family. Unlike nearby languages such as Thai, Vietnamese and Lao, spoken Khmer is not tonal. Written Khmer has a unique script, called abugida. Other languages in common use in Cambodia include French, Vietnamese, and English. Religion Most Cambodians (95%) today are Theravada Buddhists. This austere version of Buddhism became prevalent in Cambodia in the thirteenth century, displacing the combination of Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism that was practiced previously. Modern Cambodia also has Muslim citizens (3%) and Christians (2%). Some people practice traditions derived from animism as well, alongside their primary faith. Geography Cambodia has an area of 181,040 square kilometers or 69,900 square miles. It is bordered by Thailand to the west and north, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east and south. Cambodia also has a 443 kilometer (275 miles) coastline on the Gulf of Thailand. The highest point in Cambodia is Phnum Aoral, at 1,810 meters (5,938 feet). The lowest point is the Gulf of Thailand coast, at sea level. West-central Cambodia is dominated by Tonle Sap, a large lake. During the dry season, its area is about 2,700 square kilometers (1,042 square miles), but during the monsoon season, it swells to 16,000 sq. km (6,177 sq. miles). Climate Cambodia has a tropical climate, with a rainy monsoon season from May to November, and a dry season from December to April. Temperatures dont vary much from season to season; the range is 21-31 °C (70-88 °F) in the dry season, and 24-35 °C (75-95 °F) in the wet season. Precipitation varies from just a trace in the dry season to over 250 cm (10 inches) in October. Economy The Cambodian economy is small, but growing quickly. In the 21st century, the annual growth rate has been between 5 and 9%. The GDP in 2007 was $8.3 billion US or $571 per capita. 35% of Cambodians live below the poverty line. The Cambodian economy is based primarily on agriculture and tourism- 75% of the workforce are farmers. Other industries include textiles manufacturing, and extraction of natural resources (timber, rubber, manganese, phosphate, and gems). Both the Cambodian rial and the US dollar are used in Cambodia, with the rial mostly given as change. The exchange rate is $1 4,128 KHR (October 2008 rate). History of Cambodia Human settlement in Cambodia dates back at least 7,000 years, and probably much farther. Early Kingdoms Chinese sources from the first century A.D. describe a powerful kingdom called Funan in Cambodia, which was strongly influenced by India. Funan went into decline in the 6th century A.D., and was supplanted by a group of ethnically-Khmer kingdoms that the Chinese refer to as Chenla. The Khmer Empire In 790, Prince Jayavarman II founded a new empire, the first to unite Cambodia as a political entity. This was the Khmer Empire, which lasted until 1431. The crown jewel of the Khmer Empire was the city of Angkor, centered around the temple of Angkor Wat. Construction began in the 890s, and Angkor served as the seat of power for more than 500 years. At its height, Angkor covered more area than modern-day New York City. Fall of the Khmer Empire After 1220, the Khmer Empire began to decline. It was attacked repeatedly by the neighboring Tai (Thai) people, and the beautiful city of Angkor was abandoned by the end of the 16th century. Thai and Vietnamese Rule After the fall of the Khmer Empire, Cambodia came under the control of the neighboring Tai and Vietnamese kingdoms. These two powers competed for influence until 1863, when France took control of Cambodia. French Rule The French ruled Cambodia for a century but viewed it as a subsidiary of the more important colony of Vietnam. During World War II, the Japanese occupied Cambodia but left the Vichy French in charge. The Japanese promoted Khmer nationalism and pan-Asian ideas. After Japans defeat, the Free French sought renewed control over Indochina. The rise of nationalism during the war, however, forced France to offer increasing self-rule to the Cambodians until independence in 1953. Independent Cambodia Prince Sihanouk ruled newly-free Cambodia until 1970 when he was deposed during the Cambodian Civil War (1967-1975). This war pitted communist forces, called the Khmer Rouge, against the US-backed Cambodian government. In 1975 the Khmer Rouge won the civil war, and under Pol Pot set to work creating an agrarian communist utopia by exterminating political opponents, monks and priests, and educated people in general. Just four years of Khmer Rouge rule left 1 to 2 million Cambodians dead- about 1/5 of the population. Vietnam attacked Cambodia and captured Phnom Penh in 1979, withdrawing only in 1989. The Khmer Rouge fought on as guerrillas until 1999. Today, though, Cambodia is a peaceful and democratic nation.

Financial services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial services - Essay Example Transactions on derivative contracts occur between two parties in which a financial agreement is done whose payments depend on the value of the underlying assets and securities. Derivative contracts are broadly categorized into lock and option products. Lock category derivative contracts bind the two parties into an obligation of executing the contract according to the terms and conditions over the period for which the contract is agreed upon. Option product derivatives are contracts that provide the right to the buyer but not the obligation to execute the contract over the period of the contract (Whaley, 2007, p.121). The derivative contract includes an agreed upon price between the two parties to buy or sell the product within a specified period of time. The derivative contracts may be traded in the exchange in which case these are called exchange-traded-derivatives or may be privately traded in which case these are called Over-the-counter derivatives. Over the counter derivatives are not traded in specialized exchanges. Recent examples of banks and companies making heavy losses from using derivatives The financial meltdown of 2007 in US was largely due to the fall in the mortgage prices which served as underlying assets for loan products. Irresponsible lending, relaxed policies of the banks, corporate houses and happy-go-lucky attitude of the regulators in assessments of the derivative products led to the fall of big banks like Lehmann Brothers. After a meagre financial recovery from the support of the government, derivative market is again one of the biggest markets in today’s global financial scenario (Schwartz and  Smith, 1997, p.499). Banks today are carrying out transactions on derivative markets on a much larger scale than ever before. The banks are more opaque and are indifferent to the risky derivative products. Banks, however, are unwilling to disclose the face of the derivative contracts to their investors. It is understood that a change i n the underlying market factors would lead to massive losses of the world economy as a result of devaluation of the underlying assets. The size of the derivative markets has grown from $500 trillion in 2007 to $707 trillion in 2011. Lack of transparency in trading of derivative contracts reflect the risk involved as a result of probable fluctuation of underlying market factors. This can be observed in the light of recent examples. J P Morgan has registered a loss of $6 billion due to trading in risky derivatives. The increasing size of derivative markets and declining due diligence in investments in order to achieve higher profits imposes higher risk. Several high ranked officials from big companies like Meryl Lynch, Morgan Stanley, and Citigroup commented that the banking industry is vulnerable in the wake of huge losses in derivative markets. After the earthquake in Japan, J P Morgan decided to reverse their position in derivatives due to the huge losses to be incurred. In 2011, D eutsche Bank decided to reduce the foreign currency exposure of Post bank by â‚ ¬8.1 billion looking at the heavy losses in their investment in derivatives. Deutsche bank themselves lost $1.74 billion in US derivative markets. A huge foreign exchange option for Hewlett Packard was executed early in order to reduce the losses predicted out of market uncertainty. Due to lack of transparency on the investments in derivative ma

Reading response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Reading response - Assignment Example Another interesting social structure is lineage from one generation to another. The lineage structure either follow symmetrical or asymmetrical pattern depending on wealth distribution among family members. It is evident that the funeral customs in the Korean society has changed with time. However, the change has occurred slowly as claimed by Hyun. However, the Korean view on death has not changed much. Some of the changed funeral functions include handling of the dead body, dealing with the spirits, and consoling the family members of the deceased. I think that Korean culture is so strong. Changes in other aspects of the society have not affected the culture so much. The family structures seem to remain relatively the same. However, lineages from one generation to another seem to be dependent on level of income. The burial rituals have changed and I expect them to change even much due to the advancement in technology. For example, Seoul residents may have very simplified burial rituals and modern structured family settings different from their

Posse Comitatus Act (1878) Essay Example for Free

Posse Comitatus Act (1878) Essay The Posse Comitatus Act is a United States federal law which had been passed on June 16, 1878 as an outcome of two sources, the first being the end of the Reconstruction Period. From the establishment of the Republic till the passing of the act in question it had been standard practice to position federal troops at polling spots in order to avoid inebriates from voting as well as to ascertain that those people who would be entering the polls were sanctioned to do so in a period of restricted suffrage. As the Civil War ended, those federal troops were positioned in the polls in order to assure that worldwide manhood suffrage was allowed, and also that no previous Confederate officers would be allowed to vote since all former Confederate officers were not allowed to vote nor to hold position above the state level and the end of the Civil War Reconstruction Period entails that implementation of the said restrictions are no longer needed (Price, and Rectenwald, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second reason came from the terms on the western frontier in that fort commanders were usually the solitary law and order in a district, the solitary security for pioneers who are on the move to the west. The majority of these frontiers was still beyond the United States proper, and had not been allowed in the statehood. Fort commanders then started to put into effect civilian law enforcement accountabilities, at times in a random manner, to stalk those people they regard as criminals or Indians who are dangerous for the early settlers. The line of reasoning being that criminality and Indian assaults took place swiftly and necessitate swift action from those in powers who happens to be in the same location. They were also far away from Washington D.C. and thus the outcomes were at times infringements of the constitution and stipulations otherwise unsound to chosen civil authorities (Baker, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Act then was passed to veto the army in civilian law enforcement the Act also represents the long-established American dogma of separating civilian from military authorities as well as to currently prohibit the use of Army and Air Forces in order to implement civilian laws. In the past 15 years, the Congress has intentionally worn down this belief by engaging the military in drug prohibition in the United States border. This particular attrition would carry on unless the Congress renovates the Posse Comitatus Act principle to protect the crucial and traditional separation and distinction of civilian and military officials (Isenberg, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The increasing swiftness with which the military is regarded as a universal remedy for domestic difficulties will promptly destabilize the Posse Comitatus Act if it continue as it is – unrestricted. Trivial exemptions to the Posse Comitatus Act could rapidly develop into major exemptions. For an instance, in 1981, Congress made an exemption to the Posse Comitatus Act to sanction military participation in drug outlawing in the United States borders, later on, in 1989, Congress assigned the Department of Defense as the â€Å"single lead agency† in drug banning endeavors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Posse Comitatus Act criminalizes, efficiently prohibiting, the utilization of Army or of the air Forces as a â€Å"posse comitatus† to implement the laws and regulations of US, it states: Whoever, except in cases and under circumstances expressly authorized by the Constitution or Act of Congress, willfully uses any part of the Army or Air Force as a posse comitatus or otherwise to execute the laws shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than two years, or both (Young, 2003).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While a criminal law, the Posse Comitatus Act has a more significant function as a declaration of policy which represents the traditional American principle of the division among military and civilian authorities, which also happens o be one of the most vital guidelines of the United States form of government (Rossi, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Major as well as trivial exemptions to the Posse Comitatus Act which permit the utilization of the military in law implementation tasks, distort the line which separates the tasks of the civilians from the military officials, destabilize civilian jurisdiction of the military, injure military alacrity, and ineffectually solve the difficulties that they allegedly deals with (Rossi, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, amplifying the functions of the military would fortify the federal law implementation equipment which is at present, under close inspection for straining its power. While it appears to be kind, such augmentations in military influence renew the terror of past exceeds in limitations which occurred in the late 1960’s (Rossi, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As was mentioned earlier, the Posses Comitatus Act of 1878 occurred as an immediate response to the escalating use of the military for tasks meant for civilians during the Reconstruction period. On numerous instances military troops were called upon to suppress civil commotions, to aid in creating governments in the southern states, as well as to implement civil laws and regulations. This topic came to a start when Rutherford Hayes came triumphant in the questionable presidential election which took place in 1876. Allegations were rapidly made that military troops which were sent to southern states acted as a posse comitatus (power of the people) for federal marshals at the polls played a role in giving the President the required vote he needed to win the election. In 1878, a Democrat controlled house of Representatives approved an army appropriations bill (20 Stat 145, 152) which hold language specifically banning the use of military troops as a posse comitatus, the act as a result, discarded the Mansfield Doctrine that military army could be put into use in civilian roles provided that they were subject to civilian laws and associated the use of the army with martial law. The things included in the said act basically, stayed unchanged save for the addendum of the Air Force in 1956 (70A Stat 626 (1956), however the Congress has made some developments to the some of the constitutional exemptions to the act (ex. 10 USC 331, 10 USC 332, and the like) (Young, 2003).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Posse Comitatus act provided two situations in which the Act could be disregarded; when an exemption is specifically approved by the Constitution and when Congress specifically permitted an exemption. The first of the said stipulations has generated much perplexity in the use of the Act especially since the Constitution holds no condition specifically allowing the utilization of the army to implement the law of the land. Majority of the texts discussing the constitutional exemptions of the Posse Comitatus act centers on the clash between the indirect and intrinsic constitutional influence and control of the President. This is mainly because the President also happens to be the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces (Baker, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The next condition which permits the exemptions to the Posse Comitatus act is Congressional approval, and it has been put into use in two ways. First is by providing a division of the armed services with civilian law enforcement capacities, and second by setting up rules for detailed kinds of aid, on so doing, modifying explicit constitutional exemptions to correspond to particular situations (Baker, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the 1st case Congress has specifically allowed the coast guard to execute law enforcement tasks during peacetime, most particularly of anti-drug laws (14 USC 2) which had also been mentioned earlier in this paper. During wartimes power for the Coast Guard passes on from the Department of Transportation to the Navy, yet under the constitutional exemptions made by Congress the Coast Guard could still perform its law enforcement tasks, it should also be taken into account that the Navy and Marine corps have been subjected to the Act in question by DoD Directive 5525.5 (1986, as amended in 1989) as well as by Secretary of the Instruction (SECNAVINST) 5820.7B (1988) (Isenberg, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Secondly, congress has passed several sections of legislation allowing the use of the army backing and apparatus in helping civilian law enforcement (10 USC 371-82), majority of this legislation was derived in 1981 following the state of affairs in the â€Å"Wounded Knee†.   These state of affairs stalked from the 1973 occupation of a facility on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota, and the following blockade, capture, and hearing of the American Indian Movement, throughout the course of the blockade the federal civilian law enforcement officials made widespread use of information, personnel, and apparatus offered by the army. The support offered by the army eventually resulted to the weakening of the indictments against those people who had been seized, and it became apparent that Congress have to deal with the necessity for constitutional prohibitions to the original act, in addition to the legal exemptions regarding offering civil law enforcement with help at times of civil disturbance (10 USC 331, 10 USC 332). The guidelines spread under the decrees offer for the conservation of federal possessions and government roles, and permits the use of army in state of emergency when civil officials are incapable to control the state of affairs, further legislation has been passed including situations when nuclear materials is involved in the emergency (Young, 2003).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It may seem that the Posse Comitatus Act 1878 represents the principle of the explicit division between the army and civilian forces, a tenet which had been a fundamental constituent of the US history. However, it is fascinating to take into notice that one has ever been found guilty with infringement of 18 USC 1385, and as could be seen in the first part of this paper, Congress is quick in making exemptions for the sudden intrusion of the army (most notable of which is the campaign against drugs) and this constant use of the army as well as the Congress amendment of the Act to use the military had been constant source of controversy up to this point in time. Works Cited Baker, Bonnie. â€Å"The Origins of the Posse Comitatus.† (1999) December 8, 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/home.htm. Isenberg, David. â€Å"Posse Comitatus.† (2002) December 8, 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/pcomitatus-pr.cfm. Price, Lori R., and Michael D. Rectenwald. â€Å"The Posse Comitatus Act of 1878.† (2007)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   December 8, 2007 http://www.legitgov.org/. Rossi, C. T. â€Å"The Posse Comitatus Act: Can We Maintain American Freedom Without It?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (2002) December 8, 2007 http://www.enterstageright.com/. Young, Stephen. â€Å"The Posse Comitatus Act.† (2003) December 8, 2007 http://www.llrx.com/.

How Christian Faith-Based Organizations Can Help Homeless Shelters :: Soup Kitchens Spirituality Food Pantries Essays

How Christian Faith-Based Organizations Can Help Homeless Shelters Abstract Spirituality affirms the essential self-worth, dignity and core health of a person’s well being; therefore, homeless shelters should incorporate spirituality, in order to benefit a person in the long term compared to the satisfaction of an immediate need. â€Å"Our national epidemic of intolerance for poor and homeless people is the consequence of America’s lack of spirituality, coupled with America’s love of materialism and society’s expense (3, martin).† The number one book sold for over a decade, seizing to be a fad or a trend has been the Bible. In a study of New York prisoners, studies found that those who participated in a Prison Fellowship Bible Study were rearrested drastically less compared to the amount of prisoners those whom did not. Of those who took part in the Bible study, 14 percent were rearrested within one year, compared to those who choose to not participate was 41 percent. In a similar case, at a Texas prison, out of 80 prisoners who took part in the Prison Fellowship, a whopping five percent are back in prison. In a Public Health Service, which is strongly Christian oriented, done of Teen Challenge’s Drug treatment program, by a Northwestern University doctoral student, it was found that it was more effective with the participants than that of its counterparts. With these examples, it becomes credible that with faith-based programs long term results are received, which further exemplifies my position u pon the integration of Christian faith into the homeless shelter environment. While researching this issue, I came across President Bush’s Faith-Based Initiative. Bush wants federal funding to flow to religious organizations without pointless restrictions. In doing this, there will be departments created to tend to housing, urban development, labor, health and human services. In establishment of these positions, bush will oversea them as they work closely to fund the faith-based services. On a CNN interview with Eileen O’Connor (whom represented Bush) she stated, â€Å"They (faith-based services) have an effectiveness rate. In some cases, it is proven by studies that they can be more effective as with recidivism in drug treatment programs. President Bush says that if they are effective, why not turn them.† Many critics have argued Bush’s stance in saying that it crosses the line drawn between church and state. O’Connell argued, â€Å"He (Bush) has appointed men of different faiths to head these programs up.

Richardson Family Murder Case

For this project I wanted to do a Canadian case that for a lot of people speaks close to home including me because it happened in Alberta. I choose the Richardson family  murder case because this murder occurred in Medicine Hat Alberta and they used the Youth Criminal Justice Act for sentencing 12 year old J.R.  In 2006 Medicine Hat Alberta, the parents of J.R and 8 year old brother are found stabbed to death in their house. When Investigators begin to look around the house for  clues they notice that their is a 12 year old girl in a family photo and her body is  nowhere to be found. They believed that the girl was kidnapped by the killer and began the search to look for the young teen. Investigators of the case began to search places that would be relevant to the young girl like her school and searched her locker and found a stick drawing of the girls house on fire with her family in it and her running to her boyfriends truck. She then became the main suspect in this case and investigators began to look for her and her boyfriend. Why did this happen and what happened to make these awful events occur you may ask? Teachers described J.R as a good Catholic school girl before she started to be interested into the more darker things and became a goth. While her other goth friends would follow the Catholic schools dress codes J.R would constantly be breaking the dress codes and rebelling against her school. During this time she fell for a unemployed high school dropout named Jeremy Steinke who was 23. According to his friends he said he believed he was a 300 year old werewolf and carried a vile of blood around his neck. One of the most disturbing things about their relationship was that it was a sexually active relationship which is was illegal because the age of consent in alberta at the time for her age was that she could be sexually active but only if her partner was two years older. Many people were afraid of J.R including her other goth friends, this made her feel powerful and she liked the idea of scaring people. Her world revolved around her boyfriend and their relationship was kept secret for a while but eventually her family found out and her parents were furious. Once their relationship was revealed to her parents she was banned to see him and this was their mistake and would ultimately lead to there deaths. This is when J.R and her boyfriend started to plan the  murders of her family. Jeremy snuck into the basement of the Richardson family home and waited to attack. In the middle of the night J.R's mother hears something in the basement and goes downstair to see what it is and this is when Jeremy attacks her  stabbing her multiple times. After hearing screaming from the basement J.R's father runs downstairs to the basement and this is when he also is attacked by Jeremy. Meanwhile upstair J.R holds her scared little brother when her boyfriend comes upstairs from murdering her parents and murders her little brother so he won't have to live without parents. Freedom for these two killers after the crime was very short and they were caught no less the 24 hours after the horrific murders. Since Jeremy Steinke is a adult he was tried as an adult and was sentenced to life in prison meanwhile since J.R was a minor she was put under the Y.C.J.A and was given the longest juvenile sentence which was 10 year. Many people were angry about her sentencing and felt that she deserved to serve a longer sentence but since she was a minor thats the longest she could stay in prison and she is currently out of prison under a different name and in therapy for her past actions. The now 24 year old is out of prison living a normal life and is currently attending Mount Royal University in Calgary, Alberta. I feel the legal decision in this case was done very well and I agree with the outcome of this case. I do believe that Jeremy Steinke's sentencing was fair because he was the adult in this case meanwhile since J.R was 12 at the time and was affected by her boyfriend I believe it was good that she got a second chance. In conclusion this crime was horrific and I feel very sorry for the family and friends of the victims involved. This case is a good example of mensa rea because they had the intention to kill and commit this wrongful act. I think this case is a good example of both  adult sentencing and young offender sentencing just because we get to see both being used in one case. Resourceshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uN0qXAEkBoQ&t=599shttps://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/real-life/news-life/jasmine-richardson-walks-free-a-de  cade-after-as-a-12yearold-she-and-werewolf-boyfriend-massacred-her-family/news-stor   /f826a2b4efb359bd02b53c4066234bae

Psy 250

Biological and humanistic approaches to personality Jonathan G. Castro PSY 250 October 17, 2012 Andrew R. Moskowitz Biological and humanistic approaches to personality In our world there are different types of people with different types of personalities. There are many way to describe where they came from through biological or humanistic theories. In my paper I will describe biological factors that are influences to the formation to personality. I will agree to disagree with the theory of biology having an influence on personality. I will break down the basic aspects of humanistic personality theories.Last but not less I will express my opinion on biological and humanistic approach on personality are compatible. Biology revealed many aspects of how the human body works and what it needs to stay healthy. â€Å"In 1953 James D. Watson and Francis Crick discovered that DNA was structured as a double helix (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). This discovery was a huge accomplishment in the st udy of human biology. Charles Darwin took human biology a step further. Darwin used the fact that not one human being is the same to support his evolutionary personality theory.Darwin believes that humans are â€Å"people evolved directly from more primitive species (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). † For example, Brian G. Richmond and David S. Strait wrote an article called â€Å"Evidence that humans evolved from a knuckle-walking ancestor (Richmond and Strait, 2000). † This article explains that evidence has surfaced proving that humans could have once been gorillas. Psychiatrists’ who use the biological approach believe that your personality comes from your parents’ personalities. In other words, they believed your personality is genetic.When someone is born they have a strong foundation for certain personality. This is the belief we are all born with no personality and we learn what our personality is from our parents. Basically, it is saying that our per sonality is a learned behavior. It was theorized that â€Å"a natural selection has determined our personality† (Richmond and Strait 2000). We are not born with full fledge personalities when we come into the world. Instead, we are born with a temperament. This is susceptibility towards a certain personality. It does not mean that we keep the same personality all our lives. You can understand people’s temperament by watching children playing. They can be either inhibited or uninhibited. An inhibited child will seem withdrawn and a more of loaner and will watch the other children play instead of playing with the other children. An uninhibited child can start a conversation with another child and play along with the other children† (Richmond and Strait, 2000). A Darwinian approach to that idea would be that over time conditions in the environment caused some gorillas to no longer need to walk on their knuckles, no longer needed huge nostrils in their noses, and so on.Also in that group of gorillas it could have been a need for longer legs and slimmer body sizes for the sole purpose of survival. This, in turn, changed the way those gorillas behaved, furthermore, changing their personality, in which, the human being evolved. â€Å"It is important to note that unique results emerge when certain biological aspects of personality are combined with certain environments (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). † The same would go for two children raised by a quiet and withdrawn mother. The one child who inherits the mother’s introverted genes may grow to be like the mother.Whereas the outgoing child, may grow to be more family oriented focused on communicating with all family as a means of being more sociable. Raising those two children in a household with a more outgoing mother, could have caused a reverse outcome. Although this idea does seem to make sense Abraham Maslow believes in a humanistic approach to personality. The humanistic approach to personality focuses on the humanistic nature of the human being, in other words, the qualities of mankind that make humans different from animals.Humanistic people like Maslow believe that every human is born healthy, normal, and good. Maslow believed that all humans need to fulfill needs of human nature such as love, esteem, and self-fulfillment. Maslow believed that humans are like animals to a certain extent. In other words, humans need to feed themselves to survive, drink water to stay hydrated, and sleep to stay energized to survive another day. â€Å"Maslow argued that the correct social conditions are needed to encourage the highest level self-actualization†¦..We cannot usually fulfill our complete human potential and search for truth and beauty if we lack food, safety, love, and esteem (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). † The humanistic approach and the biological approach do have similarities, in which they agree that the human being has needs that should be fulfi lled but the two theories also have their differences. For instance, according to Friedman and Schustack the drive to grow and self-actualize is unlike the drives to satisfy hunger, thirst, or libido and thus relieve tension, in that it is not strictly necessary for survival.Maslow divided human needs into categories. These categories are physiological needs (basic biological necessities: food, water, sex, and shelter), safety needs (a sensibly predictable world), belongingness and love needs (psychologically intimate relations with other people), esteem needs (respect for oneself and for others), and self-actualization (peace with oneself) (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). Some psychologists, who believe in the humanistic approach to personality, do not question the realness of free will.Whereas psychologists who believe in the biological theory of personality, believe free will is not a real entity. Many modern biologists believe that humans are more intelligent than most animals but they do not believe that humans are at the top of the evolutionary tree. â€Å"Maslow and other humanistic psychologists were particularly irked by B. F. Skinner’s views of personality†¦ Skinner claimed to be studying human psychology by observing pigeons and laboratory rats (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). People who believe in the humanistic approach believe that no one is born in a way that hinders him or her from being a good person. People who believe in the biological approach to personality, express that a person cannot help what genes he or she are born with, therefore, cannot help being an angry person or mean spirited because he or she is born that way. The biological and humanistic approaches are just two of the six psychology approaches. The other four are psychoanalytic, trait, behavioral, and cognitive. These are the different approaches to the human personality.Each one describes how can we gain our personalities and what affects them. The approach used depe nds on the psychiatrists’ and the persons personalities. The effectiveness is determined by our personalities. I believe it is the psychiatrists’ responsibility to get to know the person to determine what approach will work best. In conclusion the humanistic approach to personality is somewhat similar to the biological approach to personality. I believe that personality is a formulation of humanistic and biological aspects that influence a person’s characteristics of his or her personality.I have gathered my own theory and have come to the conclusion that every person is a product of his or her own environment. References Friedman,H. S. & Schustack, M. W. (2009, July 15). Personality: Classic theories and Modern Research, Fourth Edition: Retrieved from University of Phoenix: https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/content/ebooklibrary2 Richmond, B. G & Strait, D. S. (2000, march). Nature: Evidence that humans evoled from a knuckle-walking ancestor, Nature volume 404:Retri eved from http://www. nature. com/biology/personality

Free Essays on Stem Cells

What is morally correct when it comes to fetal tissue and human embryo research? In article â€Å"Nod to Fetal Tissue Research May Ignite Ethical Firestorm† by Tim Friend printed in the USA TODAY this question is addressed purposed. Researchers want to use â€Å"pre-embryo’s† to have as a source of stem cells. Is This any better, as a posed to the use of regular embryos? â€Å"The word pre-embryo is a false term† according to Judie Brown, president of the American Life League in Stafford, Va. She claims â€Å"An embryo is and embryo at fertilization, period!† Though, other people in this article do an excellent job at stating the opposing view. It says that a pre-embryo consists of a tiny ball of cells, that lack a nervous system and don’t contain any limps or organs. It would be depending on religious beliefs as to if this should be regarded as human life or not. Judy Brown added to this comment that â€Å"What they’re purposing is to take tiny babies, redefine them as scientific material and destroy them for the purpose of research and experimentation.† And it is because of concerns like those of Judy Brown’s that the Roslin Institute in Scotland (whic h responsible for the cloning of Dolly) was granted twenty million do! llars in the course of the next six years. It will use the money to try and find alternative methods. The goal is to create a procedure which be called reprogramming. This would be the ability of an egg cell to reprogram the DNA of an adult and react as if it we an embryo. If that attempt to find other methods fails then it would only be patients who wanted to be involved that would participate. â€Å"†¦this would involve that you, the patient, have control over.† It would only be people who wanted to donate embryos to improve their own health. This article was written so that a variety of audiences can read it and form their own opinions. There is medical terminology us by some of the researchers or... Free Essays on Stem Cells Free Essays on Stem Cells What is morally correct when it comes to fetal tissue and human embryo research? In article â€Å"Nod to Fetal Tissue Research May Ignite Ethical Firestorm† by Tim Friend printed in the USA TODAY this question is addressed purposed. Researchers want to use â€Å"pre-embryo’s† to have as a source of stem cells. Is This any better, as a posed to the use of regular embryos? â€Å"The word pre-embryo is a false term† according to Judie Brown, president of the American Life League in Stafford, Va. She claims â€Å"An embryo is and embryo at fertilization, period!† Though, other people in this article do an excellent job at stating the opposing view. It says that a pre-embryo consists of a tiny ball of cells, that lack a nervous system and don’t contain any limps or organs. It would be depending on religious beliefs as to if this should be regarded as human life or not. Judy Brown added to this comment that â€Å"What they’re purposing is to take tiny babies, redefine them as scientific material and destroy them for the purpose of research and experimentation.† And it is because of concerns like those of Judy Brown’s that the Roslin Institute in Scotland (whic h responsible for the cloning of Dolly) was granted twenty million do! llars in the course of the next six years. It will use the money to try and find alternative methods. The goal is to create a procedure which be called reprogramming. This would be the ability of an egg cell to reprogram the DNA of an adult and react as if it we an embryo. If that attempt to find other methods fails then it would only be patients who wanted to be involved that would participate. â€Å"†¦this would involve that you, the patient, have control over.† It would only be people who wanted to donate embryos to improve their own health. This article was written so that a variety of audiences can read it and form their own opinions. There is medical terminology us by some of the researchers or...

Learn How to Conjugate the Verb Corriger (to Correct)

Learn How to Conjugate the Verb Corriger (to Correct) In French, you will use the verb  corriger  for to correct. When you want to say correcting or corrected, a verb conjugation is required and this lesson will walk you through that. Conjugating the French Verb  Corriger Verb conjugations are required to express whether the action happens in the past, present or future. In English, we use -ing and -ed endings, but its a bit more complicated in French. This is because the verb changes with the subject pronoun as well as the tense. Corriger  is a  spelling change verb  and that makes it a tricky one, particularly when writing it. While the pronunciation remains the same, you will notice that a few of these conjugations change the   -ge-  to -gi-. This is done in -ger  verbs to retain the proper G sound. Use the table to study the various conjugations of  corriger. You will match the subject pronoun the  je, tu, nous, etc. with the present, future, or imperfect past tense. For instance, I am correcting is je corrige and we will correct is nous corrigerons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je corrige corrigerai corrigeais tu corriges corrigeras corrigeais il corrige corrigera corrigeait nous corrigeons corrigerons corrigions vous corrigez corrigerez corrigiez ils corrigent corrigeront corrigeaient The Present Participle of  Corriger To form the  present participle  of corriger, -ant  is added to the verb stem. This produces  corrigeant  and it works as an adjective, gerund, or noun as well as a verb. Corrigers Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is a familiar way to express the past tense of corrected. To use this, you must first conjugate  avoir, which is an  auxiliary, or helping verb.  The  past participle  corrigà ©Ã‚  is then added to complete the phrase. For instance, I corrected is jai corrigà © and we corrected is nous avons corrigà ©. Notice how  ai  and  avons  are conjugates of  avoir  and that the past participle does not change. More Simple  Corriger  Conjugations to Learn Beginning French students should concentrate on the past, present, and future verb forms of  corriger. There may, however, be instances when one of the following conjugations is necessary. The subjunctive verb mood is used when the action is uncertain or subjective. Likewise, the conditional verb mood is reserved for those times when the action may or may not happen because its dependent on something.   Its likely that you will not use the passà © simple because it tends to be used in formal French writing. However, you should be able to recognize and associate it with  corriger. The same can be said of the imperfect subjunctive form. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je corrige corrigerais corrigeai corrigeasse tu corriges corrigerais corrigeas corrigeasses il corrige corrigerait corrigea corriget nous corrigions corrigerions corrigemes corrigeassions vous corrigiez corrigeriez corrigetes corrigeassiez ils corrigent corrigeraient corrigrent corrigeassent The imperative verb form may be useful as well. This is used in short and often direct commands or requests. When using the imperative, the subject pronoun is not required, so you can say corrige rather than tu corrige. Imperative (tu) corrige (nous) corrigeons (vous) corrigez

Write about ( the maze runner ) movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Write about ( the maze runner ) movie - Essay Example The movie depicts that initially boys are unaware about an experiment they were involved in. Such experiments are of interest to me as in my educational period I want to conduct a research on how people react when they are made part of an experiment without them knowing about the experiment. The movie depicts a girl named Teresa who is the only girl within the movie and her role in the movie is to help the boys in escaping the maze and attaining freedom. The girl has two important parts to play in the movie. First she is the one who has the antidote to help those who have been stung by the grievers and second she is the one to realize that they are a part of an experiment. If I would have been in her shoes in the movie, I would have never informed others about the antidote and saved it to help those who were crucial to help them in escaping the maze, instead of providing those individuals with the antidote who aimed at killing the protagonist. Secondly, I would have never informed th at we were in an experiment and would have allowed others to identify that they were in an experiment on their